Abstract
AI has transformed the nature of evidence, allowing the production of extremely convincing synthetic media such as fake videos, voice clones and AI-generated documents. The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (‘BSA’) acknowledges electronic and digital records and lays down guidelines for the admissibility of such records, but does not explicitly mention evidence created with the help of artificial intelligence. This…
Abstract
This article critically examines the constitutional implications of the growing deployment of Artificial Intelligence-driven surveillance technologies, particularly facial recognition technology and predictive policing, during public protests in India. Taking the 2026 Jantar Mantar student protests and the ensuing constitutional litigation as its point of departure, the article analyses the intersection of the right to peaceful assembly under Articles 19(1)(a)…
Abstract
In the summer of 2026, the Internet generation, raised[1] [2] at digital cafes, transformed [3] [4] Jantar Mantar into one of the main spots for the greatest and most impactful mobilizing of the students in India’s recent history. First, it was an expression of disgust toward the supposed exposure of the NEET-UG question paper, followed…
Abstract
This article critically interrogates the structural relationship between caste hierarchy and Indian constitutionalism through the analytical lens of Critical Legal Studies (CLS). While the Constitution of India, forged in the transformative imagination of B.R. Ambedkar, promised a thoroughgoing rupture with hereditary social subordination, the institutional practice of Indian law has frequently reproduced the very hierarchies it ostensibly dismantles. Drawing…
Abstract
The internet has become an essential part of everyday life and plays an important role in the exercise of constitutional rights. During public protests, however, governments sometimes suspend internet services to maintain public order and national security. This article examines whether such shutdowns are consistent with the constitutional principles of legality, necessity, proportionality and accountability. It discusses India’s legal…
What Is The FCRA?
The Foreign Contribution Regulation Act 2.0 (FCRA), a bill yet to be passed by the Parliament, was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 25th March by the Union Government. The Bill was presented as a step towards achieving greater transparency and tightening national security.It seeks to more strictly regulate the civic work being done in the…
The ancient Indian epic Mahabharata tells the story of a great war between rival factions that was set in motion by a game of dice. The episode serves as a cautionary tale about the attraction and dangers of gambling. Inspired by such teachings, Indian law has long sought to act as a guardian of fair play in gaming. Yet today…
Abstract
This article examines the Indian Supreme Court’s shift from focusing on the crime in death penalty cases to focusing on the fairness of the sentencing process. It argues that recent cases have made procedural safeguards central to capital punishment, creating a de facto move toward abolition without formal repeal. Using cases such as Bachan Singh, Shatrughan Chauhan, Manoj, and Vasant Sampat Dupare, the…
Abstract
From time immemorial, menstruation was a taboo. It was only in the late 1800s that the scientific awareness of women bleeding into their clothes and then using the same clothes for four to eight days came to the minds of people. The beings got ignited with the idea of “hygiene”, “cleanliness”, and “comfort”. The awareness around menstrual hygiene made…
For long, India’s stance on illegally-obtained evidence has been clear-cut: notwithstanding its origins, if relevant to the proceedings, it would remain admissible in court. Though this is a position the Supreme Court has repeatedly taken – from telephonic conversations in R.M. Malkani v. State of Maharashtra[i] to illegal searches in State Of M.P Through CBI & Ors. v. Paltan…
